Tim Berners-Lee, the founder of the World Wide Web, thinks it’s broken and he has a plan to fix it. The British computer scientist has announced a new project that he hopes will radically change his creation by giving people full control over their data. Tim Berners-Lee: This is why I have, over recent years, been working with a few people at MIT and elsewhere to develop Solid, an open-source project to restore the power and agency of individuals on the web. Solid changes the current model where users have to hand over personal data to digital giants in exchange for perceived value. As we’ve all discovered, this hasn’t been in our best interests. Solid is how we evolve the web in order to restore balance — by giving every one of us complete control over data, personal or not, in a revolutionary way. Solid is a platform, built using the existing web. It gives every user a choice about where data is stored, which specific people and groups can access select elements, and which apps you use. It allows you, your family and colleagues, to link and share data with anyone. It allows people to look at the same data with different apps at the same time. Solid unleashes incredible opportunities for creativity, problem-solving and commerce. It will empower individuals, developers and businesses with entirely new ways to conceive, build and find innovative, trusted and beneficial applications and services. I see multiple market possibilities, including Solid apps and Solid data storage. Solid is guided by the principle of “personal empowerment through data” which we believe is fundamental to the success of the next era of the web. We believe data should empower each of us. Imagine if all your current apps talked to each other, collaborating and conceiving ways to enrich and streamline your personal life and business objectives? That’s the kind of innovation, intelligence and creativity Solid apps will generate. With Solid, you will have far more personal agency over data — you decide which apps can access it. In an interview with Fast Company, he shared more on Solid and its creation: “I have been imagining this for a very long time,” says Berners-Lee. He opens up his laptop and starts tapping at his keyboard. Watching the inventor of the web work at his computer feels like what it might have been like to watch Beethoven compose a symphony: It’s riveting but hard to fully grasp. “We are in the Solid world now,” he says, his eyes lit up with excitement. He pushes the laptop toward me so I too can see. On his screen, there is a simple-looking web page with tabs across the top: Tim’s to-do list, his calendar, chats, address book. He built this app — one of the first on Solid — for his personal use. It is simple, spare. In fact, it’s so plain that, at first glance, it’s hard to see its significance. But to Berners-Lee, this is where the revolution begins. The app, using Solid’s decentralized technology, allows Berners-Lee to access all of his data seamlessly — his calendar, his music library, videos, chat, research. It’s like a mashup of Google Drive, Microsoft Outlook, Slack, Spotify, and WhatsApp. The difference here is that, on Solid, all the information is under his control. Every bit of data he creates or adds on Solid exists within a Solid pod — which is an acronym for personal online data store. These pods are what give Solid users control over their applications and information on the web. Anyone using the platform will get a Solid identity and Solid pod. This is how people, Berners-Lee says, will take back the power of the web from corporations. Starting this week, developers around the world will be able to start building their own decentralized apps with tools through the Inrupt site. Berners-Lee will spend this fall crisscrossing the globe, giving tutorials and presentations to developers about Solid and Inrupt. “What’s great about having a startup versus a research group is things get done,” he says. These days, instead of heading into his lab at MIT, Berners-Lee comes to the Inrupt offices, which are currently based out of Janeiro Digital, a company he has contracted to help work on Inrupt. For now, the company consists of Berners-Lee; his partner John Bruce, who built Resilient, a security platform bought by IBM; a handful of on-staff developers contracted to work on the project; and a community of volunteer coders. Later this fall, Berners-Lee plans to start looking for more venture funding and grow his team. The aim, for now, is not to make billions of dollars. The man who gave the web away for free has never been motivated by money. Still, his plans could impact billion-dollar business models that profit off of control over data. It’s not likely that the big powers of the web will give up control without a fight.

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Source: Slashdot – Tim Berners-Lee Announces Solid, an Open Source Project Which Would Aim To Decentralize the Web

“There is a kind of programming trap I occasionally fall into that is so damn irritating that it needs a name,” writes Eric S. Raymond, in a new blog post:
The task is easy to specify and apparently easy to write tests for. The code can be instrumented so that you can see exactly what is going on during every run. You think you have a complete grasp on the theory. It’s the kind of thing you think you’re normally good at, and ought to be able to polish off in 20 LOC and 45 minutes.
And yet, success eludes you for an insanely long time. Edge cases spring up out of nowhere to mug you. Every fix you try drags you further off into the weeds. You stare at dumps from the instrumentation until you’re dizzy and numb, and no enlightenment occurs. Even as you are bashing your head against a wall of incomprehension, consciousness grows that when you find the solution, it will be damningly simple and you will feel utterly moronic, like you should have gotten there days ago.
Welcome to programmer hell. This is your shtoopid problem…. If you ever find yourself staring at your instrumentation results and thinking “It…can’t…possibly…be…doing…that”, welcome to shtoopidland. Here’s your mallet, have fun pounding your own head. (Cue cartoon sound effects.)
Raymond’s latest experience in shtoopidland came while working on a Python-translating tool, and left him analyzing why there’s some programming conundrums that repel solutions. “You’re not defeated by what you don’t know so much as by what you think you do know,” he concludes. So how do you escape?

“[I]nstrument everything. I mean EVERYTHING, especially the places where you think you are sure what is going on. Your assumptions are your enemy; printf-equivalents are your friend. If you track every state change in the your code down to a sufficient level of detail, you will eventually have that forehead-slapping moment of why didn’t-I-see-this-sooner that is the terminal characteristic of a shtoopid problem.”
Share your own stories in the comments. Are there any programmers on Slashdot who’ve experienced their own shtoopid problems?

Read more of this story at Slashdot.

Source: Slashdot – Eric S. Raymond Identifies A Common Programming Trap: ‘Shtoopid’ Problems

Mads Torgersen, the lead designer of C# at Microsoft, remembers “Project Roslyn,” which built an open-source, cross-platform compiler for C# and Visual Basic.NET “in the deepest darkness of last decade’s corporate Microsoft:
We would build a language engine! A unified, public API to C# code: We would redefine the meaning of “compiler”. Of course, once you are building an API for the broad C# community, it is kind of a slam-dunk that it should be a .NET API, implemented in C#. So, the old dream of “bootstrapping” C# in C# was fulfilled almost as an accidental side benefit. Roslyn was thus born out of an openness mindset: sharing the inner workings of the C# language for the world to programmatically consume.
This in and of itself was a bit of a bold proposition in what was still a pervasively closed culture at Microsoft: We would share this intellectual property for free? We would empower tool builders that weren’t us to better compete with us? The arguments that won the day for us here were about strengthening the ecosystem and becoming the best tooled language on the planet. They were about long-term growth of C# and .NET, versus short term monetization and protection of assets for Microsoft. So even without having mentioned open source, signing up for the cost and risk of the Roslyn project was a big and bold step for Microsoft….
F# released already in 2010 with an open source license and its own foundation — the F# Software Foundation. The vibrant community that grew up around it soon became the envy of us all. Our team pushed strongly to have an open source production license for Roslyn, and finally a company-wide infrastructure emerged to make it real. By 2012, Microsoft had created Microsoft Open Tech; an organization specifically focused on open source projects. Roslyn moved under Microsoft Open Tech and officially became open source… C# language design and compiler implementation are now completely open processes, with lots of non-Microsoft participation, including whole language features being built by external contributors.

Torgersen’s article says C# now enjoys “the scaling of effort via contribution of features and bug fixes, but also the insight and course correction we get through the instant, daily feedback loop that open source provides.

“It’s been a long and wild journey, and one that to me is symbolic of the massive changes that Microsoft has undergone over the last decade.”

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Source: Slashdot – How Microsoft Rewrote Its C# Compiler in C# and Made It Open Source

“Imagine an artificial-intelligence-driven military drone capable of autonomously patrolling the perimeter of a country or region and deciding who lives and who dies, without a human operator. Now do the same with tanks, helicopters and biped/quadruped robots.” A United Nations conference recently decided not to ban these weapons systems outright, but to revisit the topic in November.
So a MarketWatch columnist looked at how these weapons systems could go bad — and argues the risks are greater than simply fooling the AI into malfunctioning.
What about hijacking…? In warfare, AI units can function autonomously, but in the end they need a way to communicate with one another and to transfer data to a command center. This makes them vulnerable to hacking and hijacking. What would happen if one of these drones or robots was hijacked by an opposite faction and started firing on civilians? A hacker would laugh. Why? Because he wouldn’t hijack just one. He would design a self-propagating virus that would spread throughout the AI network and infect all units in the vicinity, as well as those communicating with them. In a split second, an entire squad of lethal autonomous weapons systems would be under enemy control… Every machine can be overridden, tricked, hijacked and manipulated with an efficiency that’s unheard of in the realm of human-operated traditional weaponry.

However, the U.S. government remains oblivious. DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) has already announced a $2 billion development campaign for the next wave of technologically advanced AI (dubbed “AI Next”). One of the goals is to have the machines “acquire human-like communication and reasoning capabilities, with the ability to recognize new situations and environments and adapt to them.” I may be overreaching here, but the UN meeting on one end and this announcement on the other, make me think that the U.S. government isn’t just pro-robotic — it may already have a lethal autonomous weapons ace up its sleeve.
The article ends with a question: What do you think about killer robots replacing human combatants?
And what would happen if killer robots got hijacked?

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Source: Slashdot – What Will Happen When Killer Robots Get Hijacked?

Last year 80,000 Americans died of the flu — and 900,000 more were hospitalized, according to estimates by the U.S. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. NBC News reports:
The numbers were shocking. Until now, CDC has said flu kills anywhere between 12,000 and 56,000 people a year, depending on how bad the flu season is, and that it puts between 250,000 and 700,000 into the hospital with serious illness. The numbers for the 2017-2018 flu season go far beyond that… Usually, flu hits first in one region and then another, but this past season saw widespread flu activity all at once, for weeks on end.
Coincidentally, it’s the 100-year anniversary of the great flu pandemic of 1918, according to an article shared by schwit1:
Up to 500 million people — about one-third of the world’s population — became infected with the influenza virus, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says. As many as 50 million died, or one out of every 30 human beings on the planet, killing more American troops than those that died on World War I battlefields. The intensity and speed with which it struck were almost unimaginable, the worst global pandemic in modern history.
The article asks the ultimate question: Could it happen again?
Top health and science groups, such as the World Health Organization, the National Academy of Sciences and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, predict influenza pandemics are nearly certain to recur. “Influenza viruses, with the vast silent reservoir in aquatic birds, are impossible to eradicate,” the World Health Organization warned. “With the growth of global travel, a pandemic can spread rapidly globally with little time to prepare a public health response.” A pandemic could also arise if a strain mutates with or develops directly from animal flu viruses, the CDC said…
In a near worst-case scenario, a new, lethal and highly infectious flu virus would break out in a crowded, unprepared megacity that lacks public health infrastructure, according to Johns Hopkins’ Bloomberg School of Public Heath. Such a fast-moving virus could burst from a city and catch a ride with international travelers before public health officials realize what is happening.

The article points out that today there’s now safeguards to detect and counteract influenza outbreaks that didn’t exist in 1918 (including outbreak-detecting systems, as well as better antiviral drugs and the ability to develop vaccines more rapidly). But it also reminds us that the 1918 flu pandemic killed more people in two years than the plague did in an entire century.
The CDC recommends that every year, anyone six months of age or older should get a flu vaccine. But I’d be curious to hear from Slashdot’s readers. Have you gotten your 2018 flu shot?

Read more of this story at Slashdot.

Source: Slashdot – 100 Years Ago, Influenza Killed 50 Million People. Could It Happen Again?

This week InfoWorld unveiled their annual list of “the leading open source projects for software development, cloud computing, big data, and machine learning.”

[E]ven as we grapple with the likes of microservice architecture, distributed data processing frameworks, deep neural networks, and “dapps,” we remain steadfast in our commitment to bring you — this year and every year — the best that open source has to offer.

In this year’s edition, you’ll find our picks for the best open source software development tools, cloud computing platforms, databases and data analytics tools, and machine learning and deep learning libraries. From Kubernetes and Docker to TensorFlow and PyTorch (49 projects in all), these are the projects that are ushering in the next stage of enterprise computing.
An anonymous reader writes:
Their choices for the best open source software for software development include .NET Core, Microsoft’s Visual Studio Code, and Jenkins, as well as programming languages like Kotlin, Julia, and Rust. (“By now it’s something of a cliche to talk about Rust as the next step beyond C and C++. So be it…”) And their final award for best open source development software went, surprisingly, to Vanilla JS.

“Some clever wag created a website that promises that the Vanilla JS library will be the smallest JS framework you’ll ever use and then delivers a zip file with zero bytes of code along with the suggestion that you should just use the built-in function calls in JavaScript to manipulate the DOM.”

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Source: Slashdot – ‘Best Open Source Developer Software of 2018’ Chosen By InfoWorld