It runs locally, a free/open source home automation platform connecting all your devices together, regardless of brand. And GitHub’s senior developer calls it “one of the most active, culturally important, and technically demanding open source ecosystems on the planet,” with tens of thousands of contributors and millions of installations.

That’s confirmed by this year’s “Octoverse” developer survey…

Home Assistant was one of the fastest-growing open source projects by contributors, ranking alongside AI infrastructure giants like vLLM, Ollama, and Transformers. It also appeared in the top projects attracting first-time contributors, sitting beside massive developer platforms such as VS Code… Home Assistant is now running in more than 2 million households, orchestrating everything from thermostats and door locks to motion sensors and lighting. All on users’ own hardware, not the cloud. The contributor base behind that growth is just as remarkable: 21,000 contributors in a single year…

At its core, Home Assistant’s problem is combinatorial explosion. The platform supports “hundreds, thousands of devices… over 3,000 brands,” as [maintainer Franck Nijhof] notes. Each one behaves differently, and the only way to normalize them is to build a general-purpose abstraction layer that can survive vendor churn, bad APIs, and inconsistent firmware. Instead of treating devices as isolated objects behind cloud accounts, everything is represented locally as entities with states and events. A garage door is not just a vendor-specific API; it’s a structured device that exposes capabilities to the automation engine. A thermostat is not a cloud endpoint; it’s a sensor/actuator pair with metadata that can be reasoned about.

That consistency is why people can build wildly advanced automations. Frenck describes one particularly inventive example: “Some people install weight sensors into their couches so they actually know if you’re sitting down or standing up again. You’re watching a movie, you stand up, and it will pause and then turn on the lights a bit brighter so you can actually see when you get your drink. You get back, sit down, the lights dim, and the movie continues.” A system that can orchestrate these interactions is fundamentally a distributed event-driven runtime for physical spaces. Home Assistant may look like a dashboard, but under the hood it behaves more like a real-time OS for the home…

The local-first architecture means Home Assistant can run on hardware as small as a Raspberry Pi but must handle workloads that commercial systems offload to the cloud: device discovery, event dispatch, state persistence, automation scheduling, voice pipeline inference (if local), real-time sensor reading, integration updates, and security constraints. This architecture forces optimizations few consumer systems attempt.

“If any of this were offloaded to a vendor cloud, the system would be easier to build,” the article points out. “But Home Assistant’s philosophy reverses the paradigm: the home is the data center…”

As Nijhof says of other vendor solutions, “It’s crazy that we need the internet nowadays to change your thermostat.”

Read more of this story at Slashdot.

Those might not exactly be ads you’re seeing on ChatGPT, at least according to OpenAI. Nick Turley, OpenAI’s head of ChatGPT, clarified the confusion around potential ads appearing with the AI chatbot. In a post on X, Turley said “there are no live tests for ads” and that “any screenshots you’ve seen are either not real or not ads.” The OpenAI exec’s explanation comes after another post from former xAI employee Benjamin De Kraker on X that has gained traction, which featured a screenshot showing an option to shop at Target within a ChatGPT conversation.

OpenAI’s Daniel McAuley responded to the post, arguing that it’s not an ad but rather an example of app integration that the company announced in October. However, the company’s chief research officer, Mark Chen, also replied on X that they “fell short” in this case, adding that “anything that feels like an ad needs to be handled with care.”

“We’ve turned off this kind of suggestion while we improve the model’s precision,” Chen wrote on X. “We’re also looking at better controls so you can dial this down or off if you don’t find it helpful.”

There’s still a lot of uncertainty about whether OpenAI will introduce ads to ChatGPT, but in November, someone discovered code in a beta version of the ChatGPT app on Android that made several mentions of ads. Even in Turley’s post debunking the inclusion of live ads, the OpenAI exec added that “if we do pursue ads, we’ll take a thoughtful approach.” Turley also posted that “people trust ChatGPT and anything we do will be designed to respect that.”

This article originally appeared on Engadget at https://www.engadget.com/ai/openais-head-of-chatgpt-says-posts-appearing-to-show-in-app-ads-are-not-real-or-not-ads-190454584.html?src=rss

“People in their teens and early 20s are increasingly turning to old school tech,” reports the BBC, “in a bid to unplug from the online world.”

Amazon UK told BBC Scotland News that retro-themed products surged in popularity during its Black Friday event, with portable vinyl turntables, Tamagotchis and disposable cameras among their best sellers. Retailers Currys and John Lewis also said they had seen retro gadgets making a comeback with sales of radios, instant cameras and alarm clocks showing big jumps.

While some people scroll endlessly through Netflix in search of their next watch, 17-year-old Declan prefers the more traditional approach of having a DVD in his hands. He grew up surrounded by his gran’s collection and later bought his own after visiting a shop with a friend. “The main selling point for me is the cases,” he says. Streaming services like Netflix and Disney+ dominate the market but Declan says he values ownership. “It’s nice to have something you own instead of paying for subscriptions all the time,” he says. “If I lost access to streaming tomorrow, I’d still have my favourite movies ready to watch.”
He admits DVDs are a “dying way of watching movies” but that makes them cheaper. “I think they’re just cool, there’s something authentic about having DVDs,” he says. “These things are generations old, it’s nice to have them available.”
The BBC also writes that one 21-year-old likes the “deliberate artistry” of traditional-camera photography — and the nostalgic experience of using one. They interview a 20-year-old who says vinyl records have a “more authentic sound” — and he appreciates having the physical disc and jacket art.
And one 21-year-old even tracked down the handheld PlayStation Portable he’d used as a kid…

Read more of this story at Slashdot.

Just a day after receiving a roughly $140 million fine, X has terminated the ad account of the European Commission. Nikita Bier, X’s head of product, accused the European Commission of using an exploit to artificially boost the reach of its post announcing the major fine.

In the post, Bier said that the commission “logged into [their] dormant ad account to take advantage of an exploit in our Ad Composer” and posted “a link that deceives users into thinking it’s a video and to artificially increase its reach.” Bier explained in a separate post that the exploit has “never been abused like this” and “is now patched.” However, X still revoked the European Commission’s ability to buy and track ads on its platform.

While X decided to remove the European Commission’s ad account, it still needs to submit specific measures and an action plan to address the concerns associated with the $140 million fine. The European Commission’s spokesperson for Tech Sovereignty, Defence, Space and Research, Thomas Regnier, said that this is the first-ever fine under the Digital Services Act. The European legislative body claimed that X has a deceptive system when it comes to verified accounts, lacks transparency with its advertising repository and doesn’t provide effective data for researchers. In response, X’s owner, Elon Musk, replied to the European Commission’s post, calling it “bullshit.”

This article originally appeared on Engadget at https://www.engadget.com/social-media/x-shuts-down-the-european-commissions-ad-account-the-day-after-major-fine-173553267.html?src=rss

Why does Netflix want to buy Warner Bros, asks the chief film critic at the long-running motion-picture magazine Variety. “It is hard, at this moment, to resist the suspicion that the ultimate reason… is to eliminate the competition.”

[Warner Bros. is] one of the only companies that’s keeping movies as we’ve known them alive… Some people think movies are going the way of the horse-and-buggy. A company like Warner Bros. has been the tangible proof that they’re not. Ted Sarandos, the co-CEO of Netflix, has a different agenda. He has been unabashed about declaring that the era of movies seen in movie theaters is an antiquated concept. This is what he believes — which is fine. I think a more crucial point is that this is what he wants.

The Netflix business strategy isn’t simply about being the most successful streaming company. It’s about changing the way people watch movies; it’s about replacing what we used to call moviegoing with streaming. (You could still call it moviegoing, only now you’re just going into your living room.) It in no way demonizes Sarandos — he’d probably take it as a compliment — to say that there’s a world-domination aspect to the Netflix grand strategy. Sarandos’s vision is to have the entire planet wired, with everyone watching movies and shows at home. There’s a school of thought that sees this an advance, a step forward in civilization. “Remember the days when we used to have to go out to a movie theater? How funny! Now you can just pop up a movie — no trailers! — with the click of a remote….”

Once he owns Warner Bros., will Sarandos keep using the studio to make movies that enjoy powerful runs in theaters the way Sinners and Weapons and One Battle After Another did? In the statement he made to investors and media today, Sarandos said, “I’d say right now, you should count on everything that is planned on going to the theater through Warner Bros. will continue to go to the theaters through Warner Bros.” He added, “But our primary goal is to bring first-run movies to our members, because that’s what they’re looking for.” Not exactly a ringing declaration of loyalty to the religion of cinema. And given Sarandos’s track record, there is no reason to believe that he will suddenly change his spots.

A letter sent to Congress by a group of anonymous Hollywood producers, who voiced “grave concerns” about Netflix buying Warner Bros., stated, “They have no incentive to support theatrical exhibition, and they have every incentive to kill it.” If that happens, though, I have no doubt that Sarandos will be smart enough to do it gradually. Warner Bros. films will probably be released in a “normal” fashion…for a while. Maybe a year or two. But five years from now? There is good reason to believe that by then, a “Warner Bros. movie,” even a DC comic-book extravaganza, would be a streaming-only release, or maybe a two-weeks-in-theaters release, all as a more general way of trying to shorten the theatrical window, which could be devastating to the movie business.

Do we know all this to be true? No, but the indicators are somewhat overpowering. (He’s been explicit about the windows…)

An anonymous group of “concerned feature film producers” sent an open letter to Congress warning Netflix would “effectively hold a noose around the theatrical marketplace,” reports Variety.
And CNN also got this quote from Cinema United, a trade association that represents more than 30,000 movie screens in the United States. “Netflix’s stated business model does not support theatrical exhibition,” Cinema United President/CEO Michael O’Leary said in a statement. “In fact, it is the opposite.”

Read more of this story at Slashdot.

FreeBSD 15.0-RELEASE arrived this week, notes this report from The Register, which calls it the latest release “of the Unix world’s leading alternative to Linux.”

As well as numerous bug fixes and upgrades to many of its components, the major changes in this version are reductions in the number of platforms the OS supports, and in how it’s built and how its component software is packaged.

FreeBSD 15 has significantly reduced support for 32-bit platforms. Compared to FreeBSD 14 in 2023, there are no longer builds for x86-32, POWER, or ARM-v6. As the release notes put it:

“The venerable 32-bit hardware platforms i386, armv6, and 32-bit powerpc have been retired. 32-bit application support lives on via the 32-bit compatibility mode in their respective 64-bit platforms. The armv7 platform remains as the last supported 32-bit platform. We thank them for their service.”

Now FreeBSD supports five CPU architectures — two Tier-1 platforms, x86-64 and AArch64, and three Tier-2 platforms, armv7 and up, powerpc64le, and riscv64.

Arguably, it’s time. AMD’s first 64-bit chips started shipping 22 years ago. Intel launched the original x86 chip, the 8086 in 1978. These days, 64-bit is nearly as old as the entire Intel 80×86 platform was when the 64-bit versions first appeared. In comparison, a few months ago, Debian
13 also dropped its x86-32 edition — six years after Canonical launched its first x86-64-only distro, Ubuntu 19.10.

Another significant change is that this is the first version built under the new pkgbase system, although it’s still experimental and optional for now. If you opt for a pkgbase installation, then the core OS itself is installed from multiple separate software packages,
meaning that the whole system can be updated using the package
manager. Over in the Linux world, this is the norm, but Linux is a
very different beast… The plan is that by FreeBSD 16, scheduled
for December 2027, the restructure will be complete, the old
distribution sets will be removed, and the current freebsd-update
command and its associated infrastructure can be turned off.

Another significant change is reproducible
builds, a milestone the project reached
in late October. This change is part of a multi-project
initiative toward ensuring deterministic compilation: to be able
to demonstrate that a certain set of source files and compilation
directives is guaranteed to produce identical binaries, as a
countermeasure against compromised code. A handy side-effect is that
building the whole OS, including installation media images, no longer
needs root access.

There are of course other new features. Lots of drivers and
subsystems have been updated, and this release has better power
management, including suspend and resume. There’s improved wireless
networking, with support for more Wi-Fi chipsets and faster wireless
standards, plus updated graphics drivers… The release announcement calls out the inclusion of OpenZFS
2.4.0-rc4, OpenSSL
3.5.4, and OpenSSH
10.0 p2, and notes the inclusion of some new quantum-resistant
encryption systems…

In general, we found FreeBSD 15 easier and less complicated to
work with than either of the previous major releases.

It should be easier on servers too. The new OCI container support
in FreeBSD 14.2, which we wrote
about a year ago, is more mature now. FreeBSD has its own version
of Podman, and you
can run
Linux containers on FreeBSD. This means you can use Docker
commands and tools, which are familiar to many more developers
than FreeBSD’s native Jail system.

“FreeBSD has its own place in servers and the public cloud, but
it’s getting easier to run it as a desktop OS as well,” the article concludes. “It can run all
the main Linux desktops, including GNOME on Wayland.”

“There’s no
systemd here, and never will be — and no Flatpak or Snap either,
for that matter.

Read more of this story at Slashdot.

“Homebrew, the package manager for macOS and Linux, just got a handy new feature in the latest v5.0.4 update,” reports How-To Geek.

Brewfile install scripts “are now more like a one-stop shop for installing software, as Flatpaks are now supported alongside Brew packages, Mac App Store Apps, and other packages.”

For those times when you need to install many software packages at once, like when setting up a new PC or virtual machine, you can create a Brewfile with a list of packages and run it with the ‘brew bundle’ command. However, the Brewfile isn’t limited to just Homebrew packages. You can also use it to install Mac App Store apps, graphical apps through Casks, Visual Studio Code extensions, and Go language packages. Starting with this week’s Homebrew v5.0.4 release, Flatpaks are now supported in Brewfiles as well…

This turns Homebrew into a fantastic setup tool for macOS, Linux, and Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) environments. You can have one script with all your preferred software, and use ‘if’ statements with platform variables and existing file checks for added portability.

Read more of this story at Slashdot.

Today America’s college professors “struggle to accommodate the many students with an official disability designation,” reports the Atlantic, “which may entitle them to extra time, a distraction-free environment, or the use of otherwise-prohibited technology.”

Their staff writer argues these accommodations “have become another way for the most privileged students to press their advantage.”

[Over the past decade and a half] the share of students at selective universities who qualify for accommodations — often, extra time on tests — has grown at a breathtaking pace. At the University of Chicago, the number has more than tripled over the past eight years; at UC Berkeley, it has nearly quintupled over the past 15 years. The increase is driven by more young people getting diagnosed with conditions such as ADHD, anxiety, and depression, and by universities making the process of getting accommodations easier. The change has occurred disproportionately at the most prestigious and expensive institutions. At Brown and Harvard, more than 20 percent of undergraduates are registered as disabled. At Amherst, that figure is 34 percent. Not all of those students receive accommodations, but researchers told me that most do. The schools that enroll the most academically successful students, in other words, also have the largest share of students with a disability that could prevent them from succeeding academically. “You hear ‘students with disabilities’ and it’s not kids in wheelchairs,” one professor at a selective university, who requested anonymity because he doesn’t have tenure, told me. “It’s just not. It’s rich kids getting extra time on tests….”

Recently, mental-health issues have joined ADHD as a primary driver of the accommodations boom. Over the past decade, the number of young people diagnosed with depression or anxiety has exploded. L. Scott Lissner, the ADA coordinator at Ohio State University, told me that 36 percent of the students registered with OSU’s disability office have accommodations for mental-health issues, making them the largest group of students his office serves. Many receive testing accommodations, extensions on take-home assignments, or permission to miss class. Students at Carnegie Mellon University whose severe anxiety makes concentration difficult might get extra time on tests or permission to record class sessions, Catherine Samuel, the school’s director of disability resources, told me. Students with social-anxiety disorder can get a note so the professor doesn’t call on them without warning… Some students get approved for housing accommodations, including single rooms and emotional-support animals. Other accommodations risk putting the needs of one student over the experience of their peers. One administrator told me that a student at a public college in California had permission to bring their mother to class. This became a problem, because the mom turned out to be an enthusiastic class participant. Professors told me that the most common — and most contentious — accommodation is the granting of extra time on exams…

Several of the college students I spoke with for this story said they knew someone who had obtained a dubious diagnosis… The surge itself is undeniable. Soon, some schools may have more students receiving accommodations than not, a scenario that would have seemed absurd just a decade ago. Already, at one law school, 45 percent of students receive academic accommodations. Paul Graham Fisher, a Stanford professor who served as co-chair of the university’s disability task force, told me, “I have had conversations with people in the Stanford administration. They’ve talked about at what point can we say no? What if it hits 50 or 60 percent? At what point do you just say ‘We can’t do this’?” This year, 38 percent of Stanford undergraduates are registered as having a disability; in the fall quarter, 24 percent of undergraduates were receiving academic or housing accommodations.

Read more of this story at Slashdot.

Popular genetics tests can’t tell you much about your dog’s personality, according to a recent study.

A team of geneticists recently found no connection between simple genetic variants and behavioral traits in more than 3,200 dogs, even though previous studies suggested that hundreds of genes might predict aspects of a dog’s behavior and personality. That’s despite the popularity of at-home genetic tests that claim they can tell you whether your dog’s genes contain the recipe for anxiety or a fondness for cuddles.

This is Max, and no single genetic variant can explain why he is the way he is.
Credit:
Kiona Smith

Gattaca for dogs, except it doesn’t work

University of Massachusetts genomicist Kathryn Lord and her colleagues compared DNA sequences and behavioral surveys from more than 3,000 dogs whose humans had enrolled them in the Darwin’s Ark project (and filled out the surveys). “Genetic tests for behavioral and personality traits in dogs are now being marketed to pet owners, but their predictive accuracy has not been validated,” wrote Lord and her colleagues in their recent paper.

Read full article

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