In part one of the tale, Brandt Bucher
looked specifically at the CPython optimizations that went into
Python 3.11 as part of the Faster CPython project. More of that work
will be appearing in future Python versions, but on day two of PyCon 2023 in Salt Lake City, Utah,
Mark Shannon provided an overall picture of CPython optimizations,
including efforts made over the last decade or more, with an eye toward the
other areas that have been optimized, such as the memory layout for the
internal C data structures of the interpreter. He also described some
additional optimization techniques that will be used in Python 3.12
and beyond.

Source: LWN.net – [$] Faster CPython at PyCon, part two