{"id":1216800,"date":"2025-02-18T16:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-02-18T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/?p=1216800"},"modified":"2025-02-18T16:00:00","modified_gmt":"2025-02-18T21:00:00","slug":"the-truth-about-cortisol-the-hormone-that-health-influencers-like-to-blame-for-everything","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/?p=1216800","title":{"rendered":"The Truth About Cortisol, the Hormone That Health Influencers Like to Blame for Everything"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<p>Do sweet and salty foods taste good to you? Is your sleep maybe not the best? Do you have some belly fat? The answer to these questions is probably yes, because you are human, but that\u2019s not important right now! TikTok influencers would like you to consider another possibility: that your cortisol is too high, and that you should buy their supplements (link in bio!) to control it. Then you\u2019ll be relaxed at night and energetic in the morning, you\u2019ll enjoy the taste of kale, and\u2014most importantly\u2014you\u2019ll become thin and beautiful.<\/p>\n<p>This cortisol dysregulation idea has become a sort of mega-phenomenon, absorbing the power and anxieties of anything it touches. If you look up cortisol on TikTok, you\u2019ll find weight loss tips, sleep hygiene tips, massage techniques, and more. You\u2019ll be served videos not only on cortisol, but also on gut issues, mood issues, healing from trauma, smoothie recipes, menstrual cycle syncing, when you should and shouldn\u2019t use caffeine, and just about any other health issue a woman might search for. (Sorry, men\u2014most of this content isn&#8217;t for you. Yet.)<\/p>\n<p>Scroll those videos long enough, and you\u2019ll see a claim about any symptom or inconvenience you\u2019ve ever experienced. It\u2019s all due to your high cortisol, they say. <\/p>\n<h2 id=\"what-is-cortisol-anyway\">What is cortisol, anyway?<\/h2>\n<p>Stepping away from TikTok-land for a moment to talk about actual physiology, cortisol is a hormone that we produce from our adrenal glands, which sit on top of our kidneys. <\/p>\n<p>The adrenal glands most famously produce epinephrine, which you might recognize as the \u201cfight or flight\u201d hormone we call adrenaline. (In the United States, epinephrine is the medical name. Both words <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC1127537\/#sec-a.i.ititle\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"open in a new window\" rel=\"noopener\">refer to the same thing<\/a>: ad + renal is the Latin way you say \u201con top of the kidneys,\u201d and epi + nephro is the same in Greek.)<\/p>\n<p>Besides epinephrine\/adrenaline, the adrenal gland also produces hormones that regulate water and electrolyte balance, and small amounts of sex hormones. And\u2014relevant to our topic today\u2014they also produce cortisol. Where epinephrine is involved in momentary \u201cfight or flight\u201d reactions, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK538239\/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"open in a new window\" rel=\"noopener\">cortisol is the hormone that helps us deal with stress in the longer term<\/a>, like days to weeks or longer.<\/p>\n<p>Your cortisol levels increase when you\u2019re sick, pregnant, severely dehydrated, recovering from surgery, or your body is otherwise dealing with major stress. And these cortisol levels <em>should <\/em>go up\u2014this is a good thing! People who don\u2019t produce enough cortisol in these situations can experience an <a href=\"https:\/\/my.clevelandclinic.org\/health\/diseases\/23948-adrenal-crisis\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"open in a new window\" rel=\"noopener\">adrenal crisis<\/a>, which can be deadly. <\/p>\n<p>In other words, cortisol helps our bodies respond appropriately to stress, especially serious, life-threatening physical stress. If you\u2019ve ever taken a glucocorticoid medication (with a name like cortisone, prednisone, or dexamethasone), or used hydrocortisone cream on a rash, those are all variations of cortisol.<\/p>\n<p>There are medical conditions where your body doesn\u2019t make enough cortisol, like Addison\u2019s disease, and medical conditions where your body makes too much, like Cushing\u2019s disease. Both of these are issues to discuss with your doctor, not your friendly local TikToker, but more about those in a bit.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"what-people-say-about-cortisol-on-social-media\">What people say about cortisol on social media<\/h2>\n<p>We\u2019ve covered some of the claims about cortisol above, but to give you a few more examples, here are some of the things healthfluencers say are signs that your cortisol is too high: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Waking up between 2 a.m. and 4 a.m. at night <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Being tired in the morning and \u201cwired\u201d or overthinking at night<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Craving sweet and\/or salty foods<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Having belly fat or love handles (\u201ccortisol belly\u201d)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Round face (\u201cmoon face\u201d) <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Cognitive difficulties like \u201cbrain fog\u201d or trouble making decisions<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Feeling anxious or irritable<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Acne<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Swelling or fluid in the face, belly, or other areas<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Gut issues (any kind) <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Feeling shaky due to (presumed) high blood sugar<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"what-high-cortisol-symptoms-actually-mean\">What \u201chigh cortisol\u201d symptoms actually mean<\/h2>\n<p>In reality, these symptoms aren\u2019t specific enough to point to elevated cortisol, or to anything else, really. Some of these are common and minor enough that probably everybody experiences them sometimes; who doesn\u2019t crave candy? <\/p>\n<p>I find it especially interesting that these symptoms are trendy among women who promote weight loss tips or who search for weight loss tips. If you\u2019re dieting all the time, you might have a lot of these symptoms! Being low on energy (calories) is associated with poor sleep, brain fog, gut issues, feeling irritable, feeling lightheaded or shaky due to <em>low<\/em> blood sugar\u2014and, for many people, obsessing over whatever fat they have, be it a small or large amount.<\/p>\n<p>Others could signal serious medical issues if they are severe enough. For example, you might think you have a \u201cmoon face\u201d if your normal face shape is round; that\u2019s not actually a problem. But if your face has always been thin and then becomes round over the span of a few months or years, that\u2019s a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK470218\/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"open in a new window\" rel=\"noopener\">textbook symptom of Cushing syndrome<\/a>; you should go see an endocrinologist. <\/p>\n<h2 id=\"this-is-adrenal-fatigue-all-over-again\">This is \u201cadrenal fatigue\u201d all over again<\/h2>\n<p>The \u201chigh cortisol\u201d branding for these symptoms is new, but it seems to have evolved from the exact opposite. About five years ago, adrenal <em>fatigue<\/em> was the bugbear of the day. Remember <a href=\"https:\/\/lifehacker.com\/gwyneth-paltrow-wants-you-to-buy-a-90-cure-for-a-disea-1793535195\" target=\"_blank\">when Gwyneth Paltrow launched a vitamin packet specifically to address it<\/a>?<\/p>\n<p>The idea behind adrenal fatigue was that your body is so stressed it has burned out and <em>stopped<\/em> producing stress hormones; the symptoms include fatigue, weight gain, and cravings for salt and sugar. Sound familiar? <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4997656\/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"open in a new window\" rel=\"noopener\">Adrenal fatigue has been thoroughly debunked by scientists<\/a>; the symptoms don\u2019t even match the supposed cause. <\/p>\n<p>On the other hand, those symptoms <em>do<\/em> match\u2014sort of\u2014with high cortisol. Somewhat hilariously, there are TikToks that call \u201cadrenal fatigue\u201d another name for \u201chigh cortisol,\u201d which is nonsensical; both can&#8217;t be true. But the high-cortisol myth collects other myths as it goes, so it seamlessly absorbed this one, too.<\/p>\n<p>Another phrase that\u2019s now used, <em>both<\/em> by medical professionals and (perhaps more often) by TikTokers who are making shit up, is \u201cHPA axis dysfunction.\u201d Those letters refer to three parts of your body that are involved in regulating cortisol levels: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>The hypothalamus (H) is a part of your brain that can produce corticotropin-releasing hormone, or CRH, which signals the pituitary. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>The pituitary (P) gland sits just below the hypothalamus, and when it receives CRH, it produces adrenocorticotropic hormone, or ACTH, to signal the cortisol-producing portion of the adrenal gland.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>The adrenal (A) gland releases cortisol in response to ACTH. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>High cortisol causes the hypothalamus and pituitary to stop making, or to make less of, their respective cortisol-triggering hormones. If something in this system were to get screwed up\u2014one of the components not properly responding to its signals, perhaps\u2014that would be a problem. \u201cHPA axis dysfunction\u201d is an umbrella term (not a specific diagnosis) for ways that this can go wrong. On TikTok, though, it\u2019s sometimes used as a drop-in replacement for \u201cadrenal fatigue.\u201d <\/p>\n<h2 id=\"what-influencers-say-causes-high-cortisol\">What influencers say <em>causes<\/em> high cortisol<\/h2>\n<p>Influencers are much bigger on spotting symptoms of high cortisol than they are at explaining why we all have this supposed hormone dysfunction. <\/p>\n<p>Still, there are a few scapegoats. Since cortisol is often described (legitimately) as a stress hormone, the TikTok hormone gurus seem to assume that it affects everybody who feels stressed or leads a busy life\u2014which is basically all of us. Caffeine is also mentioned in some of these social media posts, but there isn\u2019t any strong evidence to suggest that your morning coffee is messing with your hormones. <\/p>\n<p>Where the fearmongering really goes off the rails, though, is in implicating exercise. Longtime Lifehacker readers will remember when I covered the popular TikTok myth that HIIT (interval training) and lifting weights increase your cortisol and make you fat, while Pilates keeps you lean. (<a href=\"https:\/\/lifehacker.com\/why-do-so-many-tiktok-influencers-want-us-to-do-pilates-1849072506\" target=\"_blank\">This is not true<\/a>.) Please indulge me while I quote myself: <\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Cortisol levels in the blood are elevated after high intensity exercise, but these levels return to normal within an hour. We also adapt pretty quickly to high intensity exercise, as<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/overtraining-probably-isnt-behind-your-weight-loss-plateau-heres-why-170758\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"open in a new window\" rel=\"noopener\"> <u>exercise physiologist John Hough points out here<\/u><\/a>: Work from his research group showed that after 11 days of high-intensity cycling, those transient cortisol spikes got a lot lower. (Other research backs this up.) In other words, we get better at handling physiological stress the more practice we get\u2014which any athlete or trainer could have told you. The cortisol release that\u2019s triggered by exercise is just not considered to be a significant factor in weight gain, when you talk to actual endocrinologists (hormone specialists) or scientists who study exercise or metabolism.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>There\u2019s another myth connected to this one: the idea that, if you ovulate and menstruate (as many women who aren\u2019t on hormonal birth control do), that intense exercise during certain phases of your cycle will increase your cortisol to extreme levels and cause the symptoms previously discussed. This is <a href=\"https:\/\/lifehacker.com\/the-13-worst-health-and-fitness-trends-of-2022-1849924373\" target=\"_blank\">not true either<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"what-actually-causes-high-cortisol\">What actually causes high cortisol<\/h2>\n<p>Here\u2019s where we\u2019ll make a brief stop in reality-land: There <em>are<\/em> medical conditions that cause high cortisol levels in the body, and these can be serious and even life-threatening. <\/p>\n<p>Keep in mind that cortisol is a hormone that is <em>supposed<\/em> to rise in response to stress; levels are two to four times higher than normal during pregnancy, for example. It also rises and falls each day, typically peaking in the morning around the time we wake up; it\u2019s lowest at night. (The size of this fluctuation, and even whether you have it, varies considerably from person to person. Don\u2019t trust a naturopath or chiropractor who wants to diagnose you with high cortisol based solely on a measurement of this curve.) <\/p>\n<p>So, slightly elevated cortisol as a result of normal life stresses is not usually a medical issue. But <em>abnormally<\/em> elevated cortisol is. <\/p>\n<p>Here\u2019s a great example that shows both what the TikToks get right and what they get wrong. Bridget Houser, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wellness\/2023\/10\/07\/weight-anxiety-wedding-medical-mysteries\/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"open in a new window\" rel=\"noopener\">profiled in the Washington Post\u2019s medical mysteries series<\/a>, experienced headaches, anxiety, thinning hair, and a tendency toward weight gain that she managed by exercising more. Her face became round. Several doctors suggested her symptoms might be due to stress from her impending (or, as the symptoms continued, recent) wedding. <\/p>\n<p>Ultimately, she turned out to have cancer\u2014a tumor in her lung was sending out ACTH, a hormone that normally is a signal from the pituitary gland (located in your head, under your brain) that adjusts levels of cortisol in the body. Rogue cancer cells can sometimes butt into that hormonal conversation, and that\u2019s what happened to Houser. After she got surgery to remove the tumor, her cortisol levels subsided and her symptoms went away. <\/p>\n<p>There are other conditions besides cancer that can cause similar symptoms, but they occur under extreme stress. <a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jes\/article\/7\/8\/bvad087\/7205634\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"open in a new window\" rel=\"noopener\">This review article<\/a> lists several scenarios where pathologically high cortisol has been observed, including: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>alcohol use disorder<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>late stage chronic kidney disease<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>major depression, anxiety, and some other mental health diagnoses<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If you think you have high cortisol, to the point where it\u2019s affecting your health, <em>please<\/em> go see a real doctor.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"how-to-lower-your-cortisol-according-to-tiktok\">How to lower your cortisol, according to TikTok<\/h2>\n<p>Unscrupulous influencers, having convinced you that you have a health problem, have no shortage of answers for you. Most of these answers end up putting money in their pocket: There are dozens if not hundreds of \u201cadrenal support\u201d supplements out there, which TikTokers with affiliate codes will happily sell you. You can also part with your money by purchasing courses on specific types of massage or meditation, like <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thetappingsolution.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"open in a new window\" rel=\"noopener\">EFT tapping<\/a> (you tap on \u201cmeridian points\u201d on your body while focusing on negative emotions) or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=FeUioDuJjFI\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"open in a new window\" rel=\"noopener\">\u201ctrauma-releasing\u201d floor exercises<\/a>. <\/p>\n<p>Influencers are always happy to pick you up on the \u201cfood is medicine\u201d bandwagon, so there are plenty of video clips showing foods you should or should not eat, and \u201cadrenal cocktails\u201d you can mix up and drink every morning. Among the supplements you &#8220;should&#8221; take are plenty of ordinary vitamins (specific B vitamins, sometimes) and recommendations to take supplements with adaptogens like ashwagandha. There is no solid research connecting these recommendations with adrenal health, but eating veggies and protein are good for us anyway. If TikTok tells you to eat more kale, you may not <em>need<\/em> to, but it won\u2019t necessarily hurt. <\/p>\n<p>Along the same lines, social media posts will call out sleep disturbances as a symptom of high cortisol, and then recommend basic sleep hygiene steps as a supposed treatment for high cortisol. Cortisol is an unnecessary middleman here, whether it\u2019s actually involved or not; if your sleep sucks, you should <a href=\"https:\/\/lifehacker.com\/how-to-master-a-sleep-routine-that-actually-works-1849180354\" target=\"_blank\">try to sleep better<\/a>. I\u2019ll just add that if your sleep still sucks after setting up a no-phone bedtime routine and taking morning walks in the sunshine, maybe you should ask your doctor about getting evaluated for sleep apnea.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"why-you-should-not-listen-to-tiktok-about-how-to-lower-your-cortisol\">Why you should not listen to TikTok about how to lower your cortisol<\/h2>\n<p>According to TikTok, high cortisol is so significant that you <em>must<\/em> fix it, and fixing it will change your life; but it\u2019s also minor enough that you don\u2019t need to seek medical care for it, and you can fix it yourself. Those two ideas don\u2019t really fit together.<\/p>\n<p>That combination gets dangerous when real medical issues are involved\u2014imagine if Bridget Houser, the woman with cancer, had taken to TikTok to diagnose and treat herself. Or to take another example, there\u2019s a corner of TikTok where women tell each other that your husband\u2019s \u201cshort fuse\u201d is really a sign of high cortisol. I\u2019m sorry, but if your husband has anger management issues, the type of help you need is not a video instructing you on what supplements to tell him to take. <\/p>\n<p>Ultimately, if you think you have symptoms of high cortisol, it\u2019s important that you consider how severe your symptoms are\u2014and act accordingly. If you feel stressed and think you might benefit from some yoga or an \u201cadrenal cocktail\u201d of orange juice and coconut water, be my guest. Maybe it will help, and if not, no harm, no foul.<\/p>\n<p>On the other hand, if you\u2019re having symptoms that are seriously affecting your life and your health, see a real doctor. An endocrinologist can diagnose hormonal problems, but you might have better luck starting with your symptoms instead of guessing at the cause. For example, if you often wake up in the night and feel groggy in the morning, you might want to consider talking to a sleep specialist.<\/p>\n<p>One last note: If you\u2019re scrolling TikTok and think you might have a problem with your hormones, there are plenty of \u201chormone balance coaches\u201d who will offer to take you under their wing and order a bunch of expensive tests to figure out what\u2019s going on. <em>This is not the same as going to a doctor who actually knows what they are doing<\/em>. These hormone coaches may order the wrong kinds of tests, and usually do not have access to the types of tests used in medical diagnosis of hormone issues. Please go see a real doctor. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Do sweet and salty foods taste good to you? Is your sleep maybe not the best? Do you have some belly fat? The answer to these questions is probably yes, because you are human, but that\u2019s not important right now! &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/?p=1216800\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[91],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1216800","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lifehacker"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1216800","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1216800"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1216800\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1216800"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1216800"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1216800"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}