{"id":1064178,"date":"2022-10-13T05:23:32","date_gmt":"2022-10-13T09:23:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/?p=1064178"},"modified":"2022-10-13T05:23:32","modified_gmt":"2022-10-13T09:23:32","slug":"a-taxonomy-of-computing-content-for-education","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/?p=1064178","title":{"rendered":"A taxonomy of Computing content for education"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Supporting educators to provide high-quality computing education has always been integral to our mission. In 2018, we began creating more learning resources for formal education settings. The UK government had recently announced future investment in supporting computing educators. Schools in England were offering the national Computing curriculum established in 2014. (In the USA, a more common term for prescribed education content is \u2018standards\u2019.)<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-container-2 wp-block-gallery-1 wp-block-gallery aligncenter has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"79450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/NCCE-Enfeild-Primary-1.jpg\" alt=\"In a computing classroom, a girl looks at a computer screen.\" class=\"wp-image-79450\" \/><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1752\" data-id=\"77410\" src=\"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/NCCE_SW_003-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"a teenage boy does coding during a computer science lesson.\" class=\"wp-image-77410\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\" \/>\n<p>England\u2019s Computing curriculum requires that all learners be taught the subject between ages 5 and 16, and it consists of only 25 statements outlining expectations for learners. To accompany this curriculum, we started developing a framework to help us describe the subject of Computing, and in particular the common threads running through it.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-container-4 wp-block-gallery-3 wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"79447\" src=\"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/NCCE-Enfeild-Primary-30.jpg\" alt=\"Young learners at computers in a classroom.\" class=\"wp-image-79447\" \/><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"900\" height=\"581\" data-id=\"69219\" src=\"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/ISAAC_DISCO_IMAGES010719-133-900x581-1.jpe\" alt=\"school-aged girls and a teacher using a computer together.\" class=\"wp-image-69219\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\" \/>\n<p>A 2012 report by the Royal Society presented the breadth of computing by dividing it into three areas: information technology, computer science, and digital literacy. Although this goes some way to describe computing as a discipline, in our view this model creates artificial divides between aspects of the subject according to whether they are seen as more or less technical. Our more holistic view of computing recognises that concepts and skills within the subject are far more interconnected.<\/p>\n<h2>Principles for our taxonomy<\/h2>\n<p>When we set out to develop our framework, the goal was to provide a way to look at and describe the subject of Computing as a set of interconnected topics; the framework doesn\u2019t define standards or curricula. There are, of course, many ways of organising the subject matter, implemented through exam specifications, textbooks, schemes of learning, and various progression guides. For our framework, we reviewed examples of each of these, from England and beyond, and decided on some organisational principles:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Our framework should describe the whole of Computing, incorporating computer science, information technology, and digital literacy<\/li>\n<li>The framework should be applicable across primary and secondary education, meaning it should be useful for categorising the knowledge encountered by all learners, from five-year-olds to our oldest secondary school students<\/li>\n<li>While inspired by England\u2019s national curriculum, the framework should be independent of any particular exam specification and capable of adaptation to new curricula<\/li>\n<li>The framework should represent Computing as a discipline that combines a broad mixture of concepts and skills\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Developing the taxonomy<\/h2>\n<p>Following these principles, we identified ten content themes, or strands, that thread through a learner\u2019s journey in Computing education. We call this framework representing the knowledge and skills that make up the subject our Computing taxonomy. As the Foundation is part of the consortium that established the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.raspberrypi.org\/blog\/world-class-computing-education\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">National Centre for Computing Education<\/a> in England, our taxonomy became a cornerstone of the work of the Centre, providing a common language to describe Computing in English schools.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"500\" height=\"700\" src=\"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Taxonomy-500x700-1.png\" alt=\"The Raspberry Pi Foundation's computing content taxonomy, made of 11 strands: effective use of tools, safety and security, design and development, impact of technology, computing systems, networks, creating media, algorithms and data structures, programming, data and information, artificial intelligence.\" class=\"wp-image-81551\" \/><figcaption>The 11 content strands we\u2019ve identified for the subject of Computing.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>Computing is, of course, a constantly evolving field and as such, our taxonomy evolves with it. Since 2018 we\u2019ve iterated our taxonomy to incorporate new things we\u2019ve learned, for example relating to the rapid developments of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in recent years. AI now is a significant area of study and represented as its own strand in our current taxonomy, bringing the number of strands up to eleven:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Effective use of tools<\/li>\n<li>Safety and security<\/li>\n<li>Design and development<\/li>\n<li>Impact of technology<\/li>\n<li>Computing systems<\/li>\n<li>Networks<\/li>\n<li>Creating media<\/li>\n<li>Algorithms and data structures<\/li>\n<li>Programming<\/li>\n<li>Data and information<\/li>\n<li>Artificial intelligence<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Given the interconnected nature of Computing, we embrace a best-fit approach to content categorisation, choosing the most appropriate strand(s) for each idea. In developing our Computing taxonomy, we determined that four of the strands (the horizontal strands in the diagram) were best taught interwoven with the others, in context rather than as discrete topics. A good example of this is the strand \u2018Safety and security\u2019, which focuses on supporting learners to realise the benefits of digital technology without putting themselves and others at risk. While it would be possible to teach this strand as one discrete set of lessons, revisiting it throughout a learner\u2019s journey provides regular reinforcement as well as grounding in the context of other strands.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-container-6 wp-block-gallery-5 wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"658\" height=\"439\" data-id=\"80171\" src=\"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Purford-Computing-Kits-24-1.jpg\" alt=\"A computing teacher and a learner do physical computing in the primary school classroom.\" class=\"wp-image-80171\" \/><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1843\" height=\"1241\" data-id=\"80334\" src=\"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/ISAAC_DISCO_IMAGES010719-5862.jpg\" alt=\"Two female learners code at a computer together.\" class=\"wp-image-80334\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\" \/>\n<p>Within the strands, we have also identified progressive learning outcomes for each stage of learning. These learning outcomes are illustrative of the kinds of knowledge and understanding that learners could develop in each area of Computing. They are not prescriptive and instead aim to illustrate the wide applications of the discipline.<\/p>\n<h2>Coming soon: <em>The Big Book of Computing Content<\/em><\/h2>\n<p>On 24 October, we will publish <em>The Big Book of Computing Content<\/em>. Framed by our taxonomy, <em>The Big Book of Computing Content<\/em> presents our work so far in describing the diverse range of concepts and skills that comprise Computing. It also includes the illustrative learning outcomes we\u2019ve identified.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"500\" height=\"283\" src=\"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/7380_HW_BBCC_Twitter_Image-500x283-1.png\" alt=\"Cover of The Big Book of Computing Content.\" class=\"wp-image-81550\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>This will be the second special edition of <a href=\"https:\/\/helloworld.raspberrypi.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hello World, our free magazine for computing educators<\/a>. The new <em>Big Book<\/em> complements our first special edition, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.raspberrypi.org\/blog\/hello-world-big-book-of-computing-pedagogy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Big Book of Computing Pedagogy<\/a><\/em>, in which we lay out 12 key principles for teaching the subject.<\/p>\n<p><em>The Big Book of Computing Content <\/em>will be available in print and as a <strong>free PDF download<\/strong>; if you <a href=\"https:\/\/helloworld.raspberrypi.org\/subscribe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">subscribe now<\/a>, you\u2019ll receive the PDF in your inbox on publication day.<\/p>\n<h2>Share your thoughts on our taxonomy<\/h2>\n<p>We hope our taxonomy and the new <em>Big Book<\/em> enable you to reflect on the breadth of Computing and resonate with your teaching. Please share your reflections, in the comments below or by tagging us on social media, if you\u2019d like to help us develop the taxonomy further.<\/p>\n<p>The post <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.raspberrypi.org\/blog\/taxonomy-computing-content-computer-science-education\/\">A taxonomy of Computing content for education<\/a> appeared first on <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.raspberrypi.org\">Raspberry Pi<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&#013;<br \/>\n&#013;<br \/>\nSource: Raspberry Pi &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.raspberrypi.org\/blog\/taxonomy-computing-content-computer-science-education\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A taxonomy of Computing content for education<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supporting educators to provide high-quality computing education has always been integral to our mission. In 2018, we began creating more learning resources for formal education settings. The UK government had recently announced future investment in supporting computing educators. Schools in &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/?p=1064178\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1064179,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[77,110],"tags":[5],"class_list":["post-1064178","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rpi","category-unfiltered-rss","tag-rpi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1064178","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1064178"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1064178\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1064179"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1064178"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1064178"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.prime-wow.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1064178"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}